Sentence Builder
October days are often beautiful; November days often aren’t.
Дни в октябре красивы часто, в ноябре – никогда.
c) by using the colon instead of a semicolon between two sentences when the second sentence explains or illustrates the first sentence and no coordinating conjunction is being used to connect the sentences.
Rabbits make good pets: they don’t make too much noise and they are clean.
Кролики – хорошие домашние животные: они чистоплотны и не сильно шумят.
3. The semantic relations between the clauses making up the compound sentence depend partly on the lexical meaning of the conjunction uniting them, and partly on the meanings of the words making up the clauses themselves:
a) copulative conjunctions (and, neither…nor) express the addition of the meanings:
You would hardly ever see a cat walking outside of the house with its master, nor would you see a teenager in public with his or her parents very often.
Вряд ли ты сможешь увидеть кота, гуляющего по улице со своим хозяином, ты также не часто можешь увидеть на людях подростка в сопровождении своих родителей.
b) disjunctive conjunctions (or, otherwise, either…or) form a connection of the clauses with distinct alternatives of their meanings.
You can make a big poster, or you can make a little clay statue.
Ты можешь сделать или большой плакат, или можешь сделать маленькую глиняную статую.
c) adversative conjunctions (but, yet, still, nevertheless, however) form a connection of the clauses with opposition or antithesis of their meanings.
The boy didn’t want to practice playing the violin, yet he was afraid to disobey his mother.
Мальчик не хотел играть на скрипке, и в то же время он боялся ослушаться мать.
Language Focus
Exercise 1. In the following sentences find compound sentences and explain how they are formed.
1. Tides constitute a change in the level of water in the oceans and are caused by the gravitational interaction between heavenly bodies. 2. The Great Depression serves as an example of dramatic fluctuations in the balanced wage rate. 3. Ulysses wants to play for UConn Huskies, but he has had trouble meeting the academic requirements. 4. My grandmother has stayed up late four nights in a row; as a result, she cannot seem to get well. 5. Harold wants the Boston Red Sox to win the World Series, yet his favorite team is the Baltimore Orioles. 6. The union leaders wanted to strike, for the union members were not being paid a living wage. 7. Your resume looks quite promising, so we are anxious to hire you. 8. The President’s recommendation called for a tax increase; very few senators will vote for it. 9. Rocky, my orange tomcat, loves having his head scratched but hates getting his claws trimmed. 10. Kyle refused to eat the salad served with the meal, nor would he touch any green vegetable put on his plate. 11. At a red light, Maria jumped out of Gino's car and slammed the door because she could not tolerate one more minute of the heavy metal music that Gino insisted on blasting from the stereo. 12. Toolmakers not only help to construct elaborate tools but also test them for reliability and utility. 13. Florida has not yet ratified the Equal Rights Amendment, and neither have several other states. 14. She wanted to serve some coffee to her guests; however she did not have much sugar.
Exercise 2. Match the parts of the given compound sentences and translate them.
Exercise 3. Divide the following adverbial conjunctions into seven groups according to their meaning: 1. Addition; 2. Contrast; 3. Comparison; 4. Exemplification; 5. Intensification; 6. Result; 7. Time.
