11—20-й тесты, английский язык, ЕГЭ, 2024, на базе материалов ФИПИ
E. Reporter Rob Spence is planning to have a camera embedded in his eye socket and become a «bionic reporter’. Spence, who lost one of his eyes when he was young, says he has a prototype in development and that one day the replacement of even healthy eyes with bionic ones may become commonplace. «It seems shocking now, but it will become more and more normal,» he said.
F. Crop circles have been appearing in fields all over the world for the past 30 years. There have been suggestions that they are made by flying saucers landing and flattening the crops, or even that they are messages left by visiting aliens. Others think they are created by microwave beams from satellites orbiting the Earth. Other more rational suggestions are that crop circles are man‑made hoaxes, attempting to convince the public of extra‑terrestrial life on Earth.
G. The Egyptian Pyramids have always been surrounded by mystery. When Egyptologists began to open the tombs of the pharaohs, rumours abounded that anyone who raided them would be cursed. Many think a curse was to blame for the death of Lord Carnarvon, who funded the expedition to open King Tutankhamen’s tomb in 1923. He died of pneumonia after being bitten by a mosquito a few weeks after the tomb was opened.
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Ответ…. A – B – C – D – E – F – G
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11. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений, в таблицу.
The Study of Life
Biology means the study of life and it is the science which investigates all living things. Even in the days before recorded history, people knew and passed on information about plants and animals. Prehistoric people survived by learning ___ (A). Farming would not have developed if they had not begun to understand that animals could produce food like milk and eggs.
The ancient Egyptians studied the life cycle of insects and understood the part that insects and pollen played in the life cycle of plants. The ancient Mesopotamians even kept animals in ___ (B). The ancient Greeks, too, were greatly interested in understanding the world around them. Aristotle recorded his observations of plants and animals, and his successor, Theophrastus, wrote the first books on plant life, ___ (C).
Modern biology really began in the 17th century. At that time, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, in Holland, invented the microscope and William Harvey, in England, described the circulation of blood. The microscope allowed scientists to discover bacteria, ___ (D). And new knowledge about how the human body works allowed others to find more effective ways of treating illnesses.
In the middle of the 19th century, unnoticed by anyone else, the Austrian monk Gregor Mendel, created his Laws of Inheritance, beginning the study of genetics ___ (E). At the same time, while travelling around the world, Charles Darwin was formulating the central principle of modern biology‑natural selection as the basis of evolution.
In the 20th century, biologists began to recognize how plants and animals live and pass on their genetically coded information to the next generation. Since then, partly because of developments in computer technology, there have been great advances in the field of biology, ___ (F).
1. who were very dangerous
2. that is such an important part of biology today
3. which made a very important contribution to the study of botany
4. which plants were good to eat and which could be used for medicine
5. what were the earliest zoological gardens
6. which led to an understanding of the causes of disease
7. which is an area of ever‑growing knowledge
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Ответ …. A – B – C – D – E – F
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Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
The Hitchhiker
As Andrea turned off the motorway onto the road to Brockbourne, the small village in which she lived, it was four o’clock in the afternoon, but already the sun was falling behind the hills. At this time in December, it would be completely dark by five o’clock. Andrea shivered. The interior of the car was not cold, but the trees bending in the harsh wind and the patches of yesterday’s snow still heaped in the fields made her feel chilly inside. It was another ten miles to the cottage where she lived with her husband Michael, and the dim light and wintry weather made her feel a little lonely.
She was just coming out of the little village of Mickley when she saw an old lady, standing by the road, with a crude hand‑written sign saying «Brockbourne’ in her hand. Andrea was surprised. She had never seen an old lady hitchhiking before. However, the weather and the coming darkness made her feel sorry for the lady, waiting hopefully on a country road like this with little traffic. Normally, Andrea would never pick up a hitchhiker when she was alone, thinking it was too dangerous, but what was the harm in doing a favor for a little old lady like this? Andrea pulled up a little way down the road, and the lady, holding a big shopping bag, hurried over to climb in the door which Andrea had opened for her.
When she did get in, Andrea could see that she was not, in fact, so little. Broad and fat, the old lady had some difficulty climbing in through the car door, with her big bag, and when she had got in, she more than filled the seat next to Andrea. She wore a long, shabby old dress, and she had a yellow hat pulled down low over her eyes. Panting noisily from her effort, she pushed her big brown canvas shopping bag down onto the floor under her feet, and said in a voice which was almost a whisper, «Thank you dearie. I’m just going to Brockbourne.»
